PDX models recapitulate human tumors with high fidelity 1 and exhibit treatment responses that are concordant with human responses 2. To model human tumors, we and others have developed and exploited PDX models, whereby human tumors are implanted into immune-deficient mice and serially transplanted. Models recapitulating the reality of variable treatment responses are needed for more precise drug development. The heterogeneity of human cancers has limited success of drug treatment. This work provides valuable methods and resources for functional precision medicine and drug development for human breast cancer. Treatment with this therapy resulted in a complete response for the individual and a progression-free survival (PFS) period more than three times longer than their previous therapies. Our results uncovered a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug with high efficacy against the models. Moreover, we demonstrate the feasibility of using these models for precision oncology in real time with clinical care in a case of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with early metastatic recurrence. We leverage matched PDXs and PDX-derived organoids (PDxO) for drug screening that is feasible and cost-effective with in vivo validation. We report a bank of human patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and matched organoid cultures from tumors that represent the greatest unmet need: endocrine-resistant, treatment-refractory and metastatic breast cancers. Models that recapitulate the complexity of human tumors are urgently needed to develop more effective cancer therapies. Nature Cancer volume 3, pages 232–250 ( 2022) Cite this article A human breast cancer-derived xenograft and organoid platform for drug discovery and precision oncology

Cancer gene software ut